SRCosmos:

Order of appearence	Full citation	SRCosmos Link
1	Camobreco VJ, Richards BK, Steenhuis TS, Peverly JH, Mc-Bride MB, (1996), ‘Movement of heavy metals through undisturbed and homogenized soil columns’ Soil Science, Vol. 161, No 11, pp. 740-750.
2	Derome J, Lindroos AJ, (1998), ‘Effects of heavy metal contamination on macronutrient availability and acidification parameters in forest soil in the vicinity of the Harjavalta Cu-Ni smelter, SW Finland’ Environmental Pollution, Vol. 99, No 2, pp. 225-232.
3	Jonsson U, Rosengren U, Thelin G, Nihlgard B, (2003), ‘Acidification-induced chemical changes in coniferous forest soils in southern Sweden 1988-1999’ Environmental Pollution, Vol. 123, pp. 75-83.
4	Kiikkila O, Derome J, Brugger T, Uhlig C, Fritze H, (2002), ‘Copper mobility and toxicity of soil percolation water to bacteria in a metal polluted forest soil’ Plant and soil, p. 238.
5	Koptsik GN, Niedbaiev NP, Koptsik SV, Pavlyuk IN, (1998), ‘Heavy metal pollution of forest soils by atmospheric emissions of Pechenganikel smelter’ Eurasian Soil Science, Vol. 31, No 8, pp. 896-903.
6	Koptsik S, Koptsik G, (2001), ‘Effects of acid deposition on forest ecosystems in northernmost Russia: modelled and field data’ Water, Air and Soil Pollution, Vol. 130, pp. 1277-1282.
7	Koptsik S, Koptsik G, Livantsova S, Eruslankina L, Zhmelkova T, Vologdina Zh., (2003), ‘Heavy metals in soils near the nickel smelter: chemistry, spatial variation, and impacts on plant diversity’ Journal of Environmental Monitoring, Vol. 5, pp. 441–450.
8	Linnik PN, Nabivanetz BI, (1986), ‘Forms of heavy metal migration in fresh surface waters’ Hydrometeorology, Leningrad (In Russian).
9	Lukina NV, Nikonov VV, (1996), ‘Biogeochemical Cycles in the Northern Forests Subjected to Air Pollution’ Apatity, Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Science. Part 1. 216 pp. Part 2. 194 pp. (In Russian).
10	Mc-Laren RG, Carey PL, Cameron KC, Adams JA, Sedcole JR, (1994), ‘Effect of soil properties and contact period on the leaching of copper, chromium and arsenic through undisturbed soils’ 15th World Congress of Soil Science, Acapulco, Vol. 3a, pp. 156-169.
11	Nierop KGJ, Jansen B, Vrugt JA, Verstraten JM, (2002), ‘Copper complexation by dissolved organic matter and uncertainly assessment of their stability constants’ Chemosphere, Vol. 49, pp.1191-1200.
12	Nikonov V, Goryainova V, Lukina N, (2001), ‘Ni and Cu migration and accumulation in forest ecosystems on the Kola Peninsula’ Chemosphere, Vol. 42, pp. 93-100.
13	Park JH, Kalbitz K, Matzner E, (2002), ‘Resource control on the production of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen in a deciduous forest floor’ Soil Biology & Biochemistry, Vol. 34, pp. 813-822.
14	Sauve S, Manna S, Turmel MC, Roy AG, Courchesne F, (2003), ‘Solid-Solution Partitioning of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the Organic Horizons of a Forest Soil’ Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol. 37, pp. 5191-5196.
15	Temminghoff EJM, Van-Der-zee SEATM, De-Haan FAM, (1997), ‘Copper mobility in a copper-contaminated sandy soil as affected by pH and solid and dissolved organic matter’ Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol. 31, pp. 1109-1115.
16	Tipping E, (2002), ‘Cation binding by humic substances’ Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
17	Vance GF, David MB, (1991) ‘Forest soil response to acid and salt additions of sulfate: III. Solubilization and composition of dissolved organic carbon’ Soil Science, Vol. 151, pp. 297-305.

Keywords
Abstract	The podzolic soils of the Kola Peninsula, Russia, have in localised areas been highly contaminated with copper and nickel from smelting activities. Migration and retention of these metals were investigated in undisturbed soil columns irrigated with simulated background and polluted precipitation in order to study the temporal processes of retention and release within the soil. The mineral layers were strongly acidified by the contaminated precipitation. Forest floor layers demonstrated a high capacity to retain input Ni and Cu under all conditions. Mineral layers accumulated some Cu, but released Ni. In general, Ni leached through the soil faster than Cu. Since metals are strongly retained in the forest floor layer, even after reduction or cessation of inputs there may be a significant long–term risk of their leaching to deeper soil and groundwater. This risk cannot be ameliorated without remediative intervention.
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Name	Affiliation	Home page	e-mail	Total pubs
Ermakov I	Soil Science Faculty, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia		ierm@mail.ru	1
Koptsik S	Physics Faculty, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia		koptsik@phys.msu.ru	1
Koptsik G	Soil Science Faculty, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia			1
Lofts S	CEH, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK		stlo@ceh.ac.uk	2