SRCosmos:

Order of appearence	Full citation	SRCosmos Link
1	Aggarwal SC, (1956), Salt Industry in India.,195:272
2	Ambika devi. M (1991) personal communication.
3	Bauld J, (1981), Occurrence of benthic microbial mats in saline lakes, Hydrobiological., 81:87-111.
4	Bayly IAE, Willliams WD, (1966), Chemical and biological studies on some saline lakes of south-east Australia. Aust.J. Mar. Freshwat. Res, 177-228. Borowitzka,L.J.1981.The microflora.Hydrobiologia,81:33-46.
5	Bhargava SC, Jakher GR, Saxena MM, Sinha RK, (1985), Ecology of ArtemiaDidwana salt lake India 2nd International Symposium on the brine shrimp Artemia, Antwerpen (Belgium).Bhargava et al., 1985 Rearing Artemia in a salt pan near Sambhar Lake India, 2nd International Symposium on the brine shrimp, Artemia, ,Antwerpen, (Belgium).
6	Davis JS, (1978), Biological communities of a nutrient enriched salina Aquat. Bot.,4 : 23-42.
7	Davis JS, (1980), Artemia at solar salt works. Brine shrimp Artemia. Vol.3. Ecology, Culturing, Use in Aquaculture. G. Persoone, P. Sorgeloos, O. Roels, E., Jaspers(Eds.) Universa Press, Wetteren, Belgium, 456 pp.
8	Haxby RE, Tackaert W, (1987), Workshop report, Role of Artemia in salt operations : 291-293.In:Artemia research and its applications. Vol.3.,Sorgeloos,p; Bengtson, D.A;Decleir,W , Jaspers,E(Eds), Universa, Press,Wettern,Belgium,556 pp.
9	Intriago P, Jones DA, (1993) Larviculture & Artemia Newsletter, No.32:57,Empresas, Salineiras, Av. Barao de Tefe, 74-2nd floor 20220 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. As reported in Larviculture & Artemia newsletter 1990, No15:24.
10	Jonwal SCL, (2006), Personal communication.
11	Lall SB, (1987), Note on Sambhar salt works and algae problem. In P.Sorgeloos(Editor) Artemia news letter,5:5-6.
12	Lerche W, (1937), Untersuchungen uber Entwincklung and Fortplanzung in der gatting Dunaliella, Arch. Protistenk., 88:236-268.
13	Motoko N, Masatoshi A, (1993), Characteristics of halophilic bacteria in solar salts. 7th International symposium on salt, Vol.I :665-669.
14	Oren A, Shilo N, (1982), Population dynamics of Dunaliella parva in the Dead sea. Limno Oceanogr. 27:201-211.
15	Abdul RA, Ambikadevi M, and Sosamma-Esso 1993., Biological management of Indian Solar Saltworks, 7th Symposium on salt,Vol.1:633-643.
16	Abdul RA, Sosamma-Esso and Ambikadevi M., (1993a), Hydrobiology of two saltworks in India-II, 7th Symposium on salt, Vol.1:645-655.
17	Sharma VD, (1992), Solar salt works as Integral part of Biological management. 7thInternational symposium on salt, Kyoto, Japan.I.
18	Shukal D, Abdul RA, (2006), Sambhar salt lake a wet land?an assessment. Ist International Conference on the Ecological Importance of solar saltworks,Greece.
19	Sorgeloos P, Lavens P, Leger PH, Tackaert W, Versichele D, (1983), Manual for the culture and use of brine shrimp Artemia in aquaculture Artemia, Reference centre, State University of Ghent,Belgium,319.
20	Strickland JDH, Parsons TR, (1972), A practical hand book of sea water analysis., Bull.Fish.Res.Board Can. 167:310pp.
21	Sorgeloos P, (1986), Brine shrimp Artemia in coastal salt works hydrobiological key to improved slat production, and inexpensive source of food for vertically integrated aquaculture. Proc. International meeting Salt work Conversion for Aquaculture, Trapane, Italy, May 9-11, 1986. In Artemia Newsletter, 3: 50-53.
22	Volcani BE, (1944), The microorganisms if the Dead sea. Papers collected to commemorate the 70th Anniversary of Dr. Chain Weizman Collective volume, Daniel Research Institute, Rohovoth, Israel.
23	Williams WD, (1964), A contribution of lake typology in Victoria, Australia,Verh.Inst.Ver.Linnol., 15:158-168.

Keywords	Saltern bacteria, Bacillus sp., Halobacterium sp., Dunaliella salina, Artemia
Abstract	The Sambhar salt lake is the largest single salt source situated in Rajasthan state which experiences desert conditions. It is situated in latitude 26058’N and longitude 7505’ E on the east of the Aravalli hills. The lake bed varies from 1181 feet to 1196.76 feet above the sea level. The initial source of brine in the lake is catchment water about 12-13 inches of rainfall annually mostly during April to September which results in the accumulation of about 35 inches depth of water in the lake in normal year. The density water is less than1oBe which rises to about 3oBe during September. This water is pumped into the main reservoir and the salinity increases 6-8oBe and later this is pumped into condenses and further density increases to 22-24oBe. During the process micro algae appear and impart different colors. At higher concentrations micro algae are destroyed. The temperature varied between 7.12 (December) to 44.5(June) 2005-2006. The humidity was highest in July ‘05, 81.49% when the rainfall was also maximum 204.5mm. Low percentage of humidity of 37.34% was recorded in May ‘05 when there is no rainfall which corresponds with high temperature in May 43.28oc. The total rainfall for the year 2005-2006 was 391.0 mm out of which the maximum rain of 204.5mm was recorded in July?05. The sodium chloride content available in the subsoil brine at 16oBe,17oBe and 21oBe are 82%,81.74% and 78.82% respectively. However in the lake brine at 3oBe NaCl was reported as 88.74%. The bacterial load in the different brine samples were analysed by dilution plating technique which shows higher concentration of 1000 cfu/ml in 100 ppm salts. The study indicated the isolates belong to Bacillus and Halobacterium. The samples indicated the percentage of occurrence and the presence of several species of saltern bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, B.amyloliquefaciens, B.sphaericus, B.licheniformis, Halobacterium sp;Micrococcus sp and Staphylococcus capitis. It was observed that brine algae Dunaliella salina blooms making the brine red in the crystallisers. It is assumed that Dunaliella population in the hypersaline crystallizers of 24-28oBe. supplies the organic compounds required for the growth of halophilic archaea and probably the glycerol is the most important nutrient available to the halobacterial community. Taking advantage of the role of Artemia, there is ample scope for mass management of extensive area of salt work for biological management in a balanced way. This will result in quality and quantity of production of salt and its by products.
Full text	Full Text in PDF (242 KB)
Source link
Included Refrences	23 References (List...)
Cited by other Articles	0 Citations (List...)

Name	Affiliation	Home page	e-mail	Total pubs
Ponnuchamy K	Chairman & Managing Director, Hindustan Salts Limited & Sambhar Salts Limited ( A Government of India Enterprise), Jaipur , 302017 India			2
Rahaman AA	Resource Bio-Techs Pvt. Ltd., # 21 Vidhya Nagar, Erode – 638 009 (India)		rahaman@eth.net	6
Sundaresan S	Salt Commissioner, Government of India, Ministry of Industry, Lavan Bhawan, Jhalana, Dungari, Jaipur,302 004, India.			1