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Keywords	azo dyes, fly ash, soil, adsorption, removal, batch, column techniques
Abstract	Adsorption and removal of commercial dyes were studied in aqueous suspensions of fly ash mixtures with a sandy clay loam soil of low organic matter content. The commercial dyes, acid orange 7, acid yellow 23, disperse blue 79, basic yellow 28 and direct yellow 28 represent the widely used nitroazo structures. Batch and column experiments were carried out at equilibrium conditions for concentrations of dyes between 5 and 60 mg/L,. The logarithmic form of Freundlich equation gave a high linearity and the k constants are increasing with the increase of fly ash content in adsorbent mixtures and the affinity between the adsorbent surface and adsorbed solute. The mean removed amounts of dyes by adsorption batch experiments in soil mixture with 20% fly ash content were up to 53.0% for acid yellow 7, 44.9% for acid yellow 23, 99.2% for direct yellow 28, 96.8% for basic yellow 28 and 88.5% for disperse blue 79. The removal of dyes from column experiments decrease with the increase of the solution concentration form 10 to 50 mg/L at 20 oC, showing the process to be highly dependent on the concentration of the solution. The mean removed amounts of dyes by adsorption on columns of soil mixture with 20% fly ash content and for initial concentration of dye solutions 50 mg/L were up to 33.8% for acid yellow 7, 59.4% for acid yellow 23, 84.2% for direct yellow 28, 98.2% for basic yellow 28 and 60.3% for disperse blue 79 .
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Name	Affiliation	Home page	e-mail	Total pubs
Albanis TA	Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Research Unit of Environmental Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece		talbanis@cc.uoi.gr	72
Danis TG	DELCOF SA, Kopanos PO BOX 55903, Athemia, Greece			4
Hela DG	Department of Business Administration of Agricultural and Food Enterprises, University of Ioannina, Agrinio 30100, Greece		dchela@cc.uoi.gr	12
Sakellarides TM				2