SRCosmos:

Order of appearence	Full citation	SRCosmos Link
1	Nikolaou A, Kostopoulou M, Lekkas T, (1999), 'Organic By-products of Drinking Water Chlorination: a Review'. GNEST The Int.J. ,1, 143-156.	SRCosmos
2	EPA (1996), ‛Drinking Water Regulations and Health Advisories', URL http://www.epa.gov
3	WHO (1995), ‛Desinfection de l' eau', Local authorities, health and environment briefing pamphlet series, 3.
4	EEC (1998), ‛Council Directive 98/83/EC of 3 November 1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption', Official Journal of the European Communities, L 330/32, 5.12.98.
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6	O'Dell J., Pfaff J., Gales M. and McKee G. (1984), ‛Test Method: The determination of inorganic anions in water by ion chromatography, Method 300.0', USEPA, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, Cincinnati OH 45268, EPA-600/4-84-017.
7	Nikolaou A, Lekkas T, Golfinopoulos S, Kostopoulou M, (2002), ‛Application of different analytical methods for determination of volatile chlorination by-products in drinking water', Talanta, 56, 717-726.
8	Nikolaou A, Golfinopoulos S, Kostopoulou M, Lekkas T, (2002), ‛Determination of haloacetic acids in water by acidic methanol esterification-GC-ECD method', Wat. Res., 36,1089-1094.
9	Zar JH, (1984), ‛Biostatistical analysis', Prentice-Hall Inc, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
10	Pielou EC, (1984), ‛The Interpretation of Ecological Data: a primer on classification and ordination', John Wiley and Sons, New York, 133-175.
11	Golfinopoulos SK, Xylourgidis NK, Kostopoulou MN, Lekkas TD, (1998), ‛Use of a multiple regression model for predicting trihalomethane formation', Wat. Res., 32, 2821-2829.
12	Nikolaou A, Arhonditsis G, Golfinopoulos S, Lekkas T, (2002), ‛Predicting the formation of trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids in surface waters by linear regression models', Epidemiology, 13, 172.

Keywords	chlorination by-products, multifactor analysis of variance, principal component analysis, multiple regression models
Abstract	Bench-scale chlorination experiments have been conducted in surface waters from different sources in Mytilene island, Greece, in order to investigate the formation of chlorination by-products (CBPs). The main factors studied were organic matter content of water (expressed as UV-272 absorbance), time and chlorine dose. The CBPs, determined by gas chromatographic techniques, belong to the categories of trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), haloacetonitriles, chloral hydrate and chloropicrin. HAAs and THMs were the most abundant CBPs detected in the chlorinated samples, while haloketones, haloacetonitriles and chloral hydrate occurred at much lower concentrations. Different speciation of CBPs was observed in regard to the water quality characteristics. Increase in chlorine dose resulted in formation of higher concentrations of CBPs in all cases. However, the influence of reaction time was different on different categories of CBPs, with longer reaction time resulting in higher concentrations of THMs and HAAs, but in lower concentrations of haloketones and haloacetonitriles. Statistical analysis of the results with multifactor analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed the influence of the parameters studied on the formation of individual compounds. Application of principal component analysis (PCA) provided a clear picture of the differentiations between varying water sources and chlorination conditions. Multiple regression was used for development of predictive models for CBPs formation. The proposed models are considered satisfactory for prediction of CBPs concentrations for water sources and chlorination conditions similar to those examined.
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Name	Affiliation	Home page	e-mail	Total pubs
Arhonditsis G	University of the Aegean, Dept. of Environmental Studies			3
Golfinopoulos SK	Department of Financial and Management Engineering, University of the Aegean, Fostini 31, 82100 Chios, Greece		sgolf@env.aegean.gr	25
Kolovoyiannis V				3
Lekkas TD	University of the Aegean, Dept. of Environmental Studies	http://www.tlekkas.gr/	vlekkas@aegean.gr	71
Nikolaou AD	Department of Marine Sciences, University of the Aegean, University Hill, 81100 Mytilene, Greece		nnikol@aegean.gr	44

Pub Type	Full Citation
Journal	Golfinopoulos SK, Nikolaou AD: "Formation of DBPs in the drinking water of Athens, Greece: A ten-year study", Global NEST Journal 7 (1) : 106-118 (Mar 2005)	Summary