SRCosmos:

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Keywords	Mouth neoplasms, Oral cancer, Oral verrucous carcinoma
Abstract	Verrucous carcinoma is a non-metastatic variant of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma that commonly involves the oral mucosa, in particular the buccal mucosa, gingiva, and tongue. It usually presents in older males as a whitish tumor with verrucous surface. Microscopically, it is characterized by penetrating, drop-shaped rete pegs that show only slight epithelial dysplasia. The recognition of infiltrative or frankly atypical areas in a verrucous carcinoma is described as hybrid tumor. Factors implicated in the pathogenesis of the lesion include human papillomaviruses (HPV), chewing of betel nut and smoke leafs, as well as chronic irritation from ill-fitting dental restorations. The tumor grows slowly and superficially, and does not give remote metastases. Surgical resection on healthy margins is usually associated with a good prognosis. The epidemiologic and clinical features of 45 cases of oral verrucous carcinomas are presented and discussed in comparison to those of previously reported case series. Sixty-five cases of oral verrucous carcinoma from the files of the Department of Oral Pathology, Dental School, University of Athens, were retrospectively collected and re-evaluated according to the criteria of the WHO. Epidemiologic and clinical features were drawn from the microscopic submission forms. The 38 verrucous carcinomas and 7 hybrid tumors studied comprised 0.21% of the total number of biopsies and 4.5% of all malignant neoplasms of the study period. The male to female ratio in verrucous carcinoma were 2:1 and in hybrid tumors 3:4. Most patients were in their seventh decade of life (mean age 66.97±13.21 years for verrucous carcinomas and 70.91±9.65 years for hybrid tumors). The lips, gingival, and tongue were most commonly involved. The tumor was typically whitish or white-red, with verrucous surface, indurated to elastic consistency, and pedunculated. Most cases were classified as Τ1 or Τ2 and the mean time to diagnosis was 20.91±37.23 months. Oral verrucous carcinoma is a rare variant of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with distinctive clinical presentation, whose pathogenesis needs further study. The tumor grows slowly and superficially, and when surgically resected on healthy margins has a good prognosis.
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Name	Affiliation	Home page	e-mail	Total pubs
Koronis S	Οδοντίατρος, M.Sc. Δημόσιας Υγείας, Επιστημονικός Συνεργάτης του Τομέα Κοινοτικής Οδοντιατρικής, Τμήμα Επιστημών Υγείας, Πανεπιστήμιο Κοπεγχάγης			1
Kyres P	Οδοντίατρος, M.Sc. Δημόσιας Υγείας, Επιστημονικός Συνεργάτης του Τομέα Κοινοτικής Οδοντιατρικής, Τμήμα Επιστημών Υγείας, Πανεπιστήμιο Κοπεγχάγης			1
Nikitakis N	Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivon street, GR-115 27 Athens, Greece		nnikitakis1@yahoo.com	3
Sklavounou A	Αναπληρώτρια καθηγήτρια, Τομέας Παθολογίας και Χειρουργικής του Στόματος. Εργαστήριο Στοματολογίας Οδοντιατρικό Τμήμα πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών			3
Tosios KI	Λέκτορας			4