SRCosmos:

Order of appearence	Full citation	SRCosmos Link
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Keywords	Indoor / outdoor levels, PM10/PM2.5, Absorption coefficient, Elemental carbon.
Abstract	Urban populations spend about 90 % of the time indoors, with the residence and work microenvironments being the prevailing ones according to the duration of occupancy. Therefore, indoor concentration levels may contribute significantly to total personal exposure. The aim of the present work was the characterization of PM (PM10 and PM2.5) and elemental carbon (EC) indoor and outdoor concentration levels in the Athens area, at two typical microenvironments: the residential and office microenvironment. Moreover, indoor and outdoor data were analysed in order to examine the contribution of ambient air to the observed indoor levels. Two residences, one in a central area of Athens (CR) and one in a quite suburb (SR), as well as an office in the commercial center of Athens (CO), were selected for study. All measurements took place during cold and warm period of 2006. 24-hr simultaneous indoor and outdoor PM measurements were conducted by the use of Harvard samplers. The absorption coefficient (α), which may be used as a surrogate for elemental carbon concentration levels, was measured on the collected filters, by a smoke stain reflectometer. Ambient PM levels were very high at both central sites and significant at SR. Mean 24-hr outdoor PM10 concentration levels were measured equal to 87.4 μg/m3 at CR, 50.3 μg/m3 at SR and 87.3 μg/m3 at CO. Mean 24-hr outdoor PM2.5 concentration levels were equal to 50.7 μg/m3 at CR, 20.2 μg/m3 at SR and 42.8 μg/m3 at CO. The measured absorption coefficient (α) values were higher at CR and CO for both size fractions. Indoor PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were lower than the respective outdoor ones, but high, especially at the two central sites (at CR, SR and CO respectively, mean PM10: 51.6 μg/m3, 20.5 μg/m3 and 56.5 μg/m3, mean PM2.5: 31.9 μg/m3, 16.6 μg/m3 and 37.4 μg/m3). The absorption coefficient values measured on the indoor filters was slightly lower than the outdoor ones. Very good correlations were observed between indoor and outdoor data (especially for absorption coefficient values) indicating a large contribution of the ambient atmosphere to the indoor levels, more pronounced in finer particles. Particles of indoor and outdoor origin present different sources, size distribution and chemical composition, and may also differ in their biological effects. A better understanding of the indoor and outdoor generated particles behaviour is thus crucial for population risk assessment.
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Name	Affiliation	Home page	e-mail	Total pubs
Chaloulakou A	National Technical University of Athens, Chemical Engineering Department		dchal@central.ntua.gr	27
Diapouli E	School of Chemical Engineering, NTUA, Zographos Campus, 15773, Greece		diapouli@mail.ntua.gr	9
Spyrellis N	National Technical University of Athens, Chemical Engineering Department			17